The disadvantages of a monopoly is that customer are exploited to high prices and potential supplies have limited choice for demand and this means that the consumers have less choice and again might have to pay higher prices than normal or the monopoly can even use very low price to push their competitors towards administration or bankruptcy. ", Tesco has over 4,000 stores across the world and out of those 4,000 Tesco has more than half of them in the UK around 2362 stores and this does not include all the Tesco metro and express stores. Sellers try to develop differentiate offers for different customer segments and, in addition to price, freely use branding advertising and personal selling to set their offers apart. Tesco has already proven that they are committed towards being eco-friendly, Tesco Plc, the worlds No.4 retailer, plans to spend over 100 million pounds with British green technology companies over the coming year as it steps up its drive to halve carbon emissions by 2020.. Tesco and Sainsbury's had the largest share over the period . Aid for research and innovation, regional development or small and medium-sized enterprises is often allowable because these serve overall EU goals. We will work on your paper until you are completely happy with the result. It was estimated that a traveller visiting all twelve member states of the (then) EC would lose 40% of the value of his money in transaction charges alone. Tesco organizational structure is highly hierarchical reflecting the large size of the business. Competition regulators are important in business and are required to ensure equality and a fair deal for all. European Union policies ensure safer food and a greener environment, better living standards in poorer regions, joint action on crime and terror, cheaper telecoms and communication, millions of opportunities to study abroad and more. There is no one big seller with any significant influence on the market. A Natural Monopoly Market Structure is the result of natural advantages like a strategic location or an . The four different types of market structure are discussed below: Perfect Competition Market Structure: In a perfectly competitive market, the forces of supply and demand determine the number of goods and services produced as well as market prices set by the companies in the market. The UK is growing reasonably well, Germany is having problems. MARKET STRUCTURES. There are four basic types of market structure: perfect competition, imperfect competition, oligopoly, and monopoly. Tesco has over 4,000 stores across the world and out of those 4,000 Tesco has more than half of them in the UK around 2362 stores and this does not include all the Tesco metro and express stores. Delivering a high-quality product at a reasonable price is not enough anymore. Tesco is a large U.K grocery firm and retailer whose main competitors are Sainsbury's, ASDA, and Morrison's, which are often called the Big Four in the United Kingdom. From market stall to the UK's biggest supermarket. Employment Environment External trade Fight against fraud Human rights In 2007 Tesco received the Top online green award for their zero-emission delivery vans. Waitrose is another . In our society today and the way business is conducted, market structures are. Best Essay writing tips, 10 Tips on How to Write a Good Article Review, Best Tips on How to Write an Annotated Bibliography. Effective competition to provide goods and services cuts prices, raises quality and expands customer choice. A single currency would help that transaction pass smoothly. The Figure 2 below illustrates a typical organizational structure within Metro, Superstore and Extra formats. In recent years, Tesco has had to change their business model as well as their services to stay a market leader and differ-entiate from the competition. This may lead to pockets of deeply depressed areas in which people cannot find work and areas where the economy flourishes and wages increase. Among the most well known forms of oligopoly are in. In May 2010 the total value of trade-in-goods imported to the UK from Member States of the EU was 14.7 billion. Oligopoly is one kind of market structure (Anderton. A concentration ratio is a way . essay, Quasar Computers and Different Market Structures, Various Market Structures and Characteristics, Reflection Essay on Differentiating Between Market Structures, Differentiating Between Market Structures, Classifications of market structures in the US, Analyze the Price Elasticity for different market structures, Write A range of prices occurs because sellers can differentiate their offers to buyers. There are three different types of monopolies listed as below: Businesses regularly have to make appeals against Commission decisions if it seems like a unfair deal. Climate change is one of the gravest challenges facing humanity. Tesco PLC is a UK-based global supermarket chain and it has 7817 shops and 517,802 employees around the world. It works in the United States because the labour market is mobile, helped by the common language and portability of pensions etc. A monopoly has high barriers to entry and firms have strong controls over their prices and they also control the supply of their product which can increase demand of popular products, because a firm with a monopoly has majority of the market share it can decide to have low prices in order to destroy their competitors. Any citation style (APA, MLA, Chicago/Turabian, Harvard). Tesco PLC is a multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer. One of the few reasons that the United Kingdom did not want to join the single European currency with the first wave of countries on 1 January 1999 is that according to the chancellor of the Exchequer at that time in 1999 who was Gordon Brown our current prime minister said that, although the government supported the principle of the single currency Britain would not be ready to join at least until the second wave of countries which occurred in 2002 and during that time he told the European Union that the country should begin to prepare for monetary union but up till now there have been no indications of the United Kingdom joining the European Union currency, Euros. Market Structure Pricing and Output Decision. across a large geographical area. EU leaders launched the first EU sustainable development strategy in 2001 and updated it in 2006 to tackle shortcomings and take account of new challenges. There is a lack of competition. The competition policy stops the Tesco from growing further from their potential market share, something which Tesco has known to be done in the recent years. Market structure is said to be the characteristics of the market. The European Commission has wide powers to make sure businesses and governments stick to EU rules on fair competition. Tesco PLC is a British grocery and general merchandise retailer that operates internationally with headquarters in Hertfordshire, England. Advantages: A single currency should end currency instability in the participating countries (by irrevocably fixing exchange rates) and reduce it outside them. Your bank details are secure, as we use only reliable payment systems. In economics, the term "market" does not mean a particular place but the whole area where the buyers and sellers of a product are spread. ?>. Get any needed writing assistance at a price that every average student can afford. Best tips on how to write a literature Review? The European Union Commission can allow companies like Asda and Morisons to cooperate in developing a single technical standard for the market as a whole. How has Tesco Responded to this Structure? Austria, Belgium, Czech, Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. Abstract. Patents promote innovation for inventors, which allow exclusive rights to do business for a specific duration. To make these things happen, EU countries have set up bodies to run the European Union and adopt its legislation. Example of oligopolistic business industries are: supermarkets such as Tesco which alone owns 30.4% which is nearly 1/3 of the UK supermarket retail share market share, banking industry, chemicals industry, oil and energy industry, medical drugs and also the news and media broadcasting industry. A perfect competition market is a structure that contains many different companies, which means that each company individually only has a small amount of influence over the entire market. An end to internal currency instability and a reduction of external currency instability would enable exporters to project future markets with greater certainty. This may lead to pockets of deeply depressed areas in which people cannot find work and areas where the economy flourishes and wages increase. European citizens have the freedom to live, work, study, and travel in any other EU country. Because the Euro would have the enhanced credibility of being used in a large currency zone, it would be more stable against speculation than individual currencies are now. From my understanding there are many possible reasons that the government should consider while joining Euro, joining Euro would reduced exchange rate uncertainty for UK businesses and lower exchange rate transactions costs for both businesses and tourists. . United Kingdom supermarket share Actual monopoly is where the firm has somewhat majority of the market share in the industry, in this case Tesco is the most famous example, Tesco owns over 30.4% of the market share and is the leader in supermarket industry. What are its aims? (http://www.oft.gov.uk/ about/what/#named2) Sellers try to develop differentiate offers for different customer segments and, in addition to price, freely use branding advertising and personal selling to set their offers apart. This task for Business environment is split in two parts. The Council of the European Union (representing national governments) The company carries out business through multi-format stores and online. For Part 1 I will be describing the 4 different market structures that economist usually talk about are perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly and monopoly. Homogenous products are identical products or business e.g. database? To find the main sources of competitive advantage that Tesco has over its competitors an analysis of the structure of the industry should be under-taken (Porter, 1980). cookie policy. An oligopoly market is characterized by a few firms producing the same product, and each firm's action influences the other firms. The Business Model of Tesco. Buyers see different in sellers, products and will pay different prices for them. This essay was written by a fellow student. In the United States, Texas could not avoid a recession in the wake of the 1986 oil price fall, whereas demand for Sterling changed in the light of the new oil price, adjusting the exchange rate downwards. Tesco is operating within an oligopoly market where the market is highly dominated by a very little number of big companies. The Commission also monitors closely how much assistance EU governments make available to business ('state aid'). The conditions for a monopolistic market are as follows: there is only one firm, which is large in size. A multinational company like Tesco cannot merge with another giant if that would put them in a position to control the market, though practice this rule only prevents a small numbers of mergers going ahead. In oligopoly there are many entry and exit barriers such as huge investments etc. In oligopoly there are many entry and exit barriers such as huge investments etc. The European Union plans to reduce greenhouse gases at least 20% by 2020 (compared with 1990 levels), raise in renewable energys share of the market to 20% and cut overall energy consumption by 20% (compared with projected trends). In this type of competition the industry has a small numbers of large dominant firms that have a firm control over the market. Essay. European Union executes legislations in justice and home affairs, and maintains common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries and regional development. Most common examples of monopolistic competitions are: restaurants as in the right area and right type of food they can have their own small portion of monopoly, professional solicitors, building and project managing firms and finally plumbers as there are less of them and more required. It is estimated that the currency cost of exports to small companies is 10 times the cost to the multi-nationals, who offset sales against purchases and can command the best rates. European policies The disadvantages of a monopoly is that customer are exploited to high prices and potential supplies have limited choice for demand and this means that the consumers have less choice and again might have to pay higher prices than normal or the monopoly can even use very low price to push their competitors towards administration or bankruptcy. Sometimes it is hard to do all the work on your own. In a recent investigation by the OFT has reviled that British Airways has been found guilty over the price of 'long-haul passenger fuel surcharges' and has paid a penalty of 121.5m to be imposed by the OFT, therefore enabling the OFT to close its civil investigation and resolve this case. This aid can take many forms - loans and grants, tax breaks, goods and services provided at preferential rates, or government guarantees which enhance the credit rating of a company compared to its competitors but in this case this does not apply to Tesco till today as Tesco is already on top of its game. By Sarah Vizard 10 Sep 2014. UK Supermarket Oligopoly - Key takeaways. EU has set binding limits on emissions of fine particles known as PM2.5. The Tesco Plc Company is on fourth place in terms of total revenues within the United Kingdom market segment alone. This is the reverse of the position in 1990. The main objective is to find out the market position of Tesco in relation to the other competitors in the market. Sainsbury which owns 16.3% of the UK supermarket shares and Morrisons which owns 11.5%, this means the entry barriers to entry are very high because the industry is dominated by small number of large firms which control and own that share market. Following are the 4 leading supermarket chains in the United Kingdom Tesco, Asda, Sainsburys and Morrisons, these fantastic four have a combined share of 75.6 percent of the UK grocery market accord to the research done in the 12 weeks ending 1 November 2009 (Source: Kantar World pane) http://TNS_Worldpanel In June 2010 the total value of UKs trade-in-goods exported to countries outside the EU was 10.9 billion. There may be a large number of firms, but most are small and relatively unimportant, while a small number of large firms produce most of the outputs of the . The Commission also monitors closely how much assistance EU governments make available to business (state aid). The chosen organization for this study is Tesco Plc that operates in the retail industry of UK. If governments were obliged through a stability pact to keep to the Maastricht criteria for perpetuity, no matter what their individual economic circumstances dictate, some countries may find that they are unable to combat recession by loosening their fiscal stance. One legal structure of Tesco is the 'Corporate governance', the people in this sector deal with shareholders; they do this to make sure Tesco is achieving the strategies that the shareholders want them to achieve. In 2007 Tesco received the Top online green award for their zero-emission delivery vans. In doing business with smaller firms, Tesco cannot use their bargaining power to impose conditions which would make it difficult for their supplier or customer to do business with its competitors. Using the 4 market structures I will illustrate using real life case studies and examples how a selected business of my choice has behaved/responded to its market . Eliminating exchange rates between European countries eliminates the risks of unforeseen exchange rate revaluations or devaluation, further those businesses who involved in commercial transactions in different member states would no longer have to face administrative costs of accounting for the changes of currencies. In the United States, Texas could not avoid a recession in the wake of the 1986 oil price fall, whereas demand for Sterling changed in the light of the new oil price, adjusting the exchange rate downwards. So all the firms in such a market are price takers. Since 1995 alone, about 100,000 young Britons have spent time studying in another European country. they work with the EU on shaping policies. TESCO Leadership and Organisational structure. The final total value of UKs trade-in-goods imported for January 2009 to December 2009 remains at 147.3 billion. This assignment reflects the market analysis for TESCO PLC, which is one of the leading retail and super market chain in the world. total sales and thus guarantee a profit out of low price. It is estimated the 3.5 million British jobs are dependent on* Britain's membership of the EU. Released by cars and trucks, these microscopic particles can cause respiratory diseases. EU Exports. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. Many fast food franchises fit all or most of these characteristics. ", Following are the 4 leading supermarket chains in the United Kingdom Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury's and Morrisons, these fantastic four have a combined share of 75.6 percent of the UK grocery market accord to the research done in the 12 weeks ending 1 November 2009 (Source: Kantar World pane) http://TNS_Worldpanel. Quasar monopolized the market with the creation of an all-optical imputer known as Neutron. Another organisation that does similar commerce to what Office of Fair Trading do, Ofcom is an independent regulator and competition authority, for the UK communications industries, with responsibilities across television, radio, telecommunications and wireless communications services. I write a summary of market structure and how it affects the pricing and output decision based on Keat, P., and Phillip Young. Among these firms, Tesco Inc. leads in terms of sales and profits. Since then there have been significant efforts in terms of policy. (http://www.oft.gov.uk/ about/what/#named2). Most common examples of monopolistic competitions are: restaurants as in the right area and right type of food they can have their own small portion of monopoly, professional solicitors, building and project managing firms and finally plumbers as there are less of them and more required. A multinational company like Tesco cannot merge with another giant if that would put them in a position to control the market, though practice this rule only prevents a small numbers of mergers going ahead. Under monopolistic competition, the market consists of many buyers and sellers who trade over a range of prices rather than a single market price. Businesses, involved in commercial transactions in different member states, would no longer have to face administrative costs of accounting for the changes of currencies, plus the time involved. Tesco deals with a wide range of products, which has high demand in the market aiming at full customer satisfaction. Tesco management aims to reduce the cost of purchases and operational costs through and a set of other measures in order to pass the cost advantage to customer as the main brand value. In this type of industry firms usually follows pull strategy and make huge efforts in marketing and advertising to attract its target customers, the products in the industry could be highly differentiated or even be similar but hard of getting a hold and this is why businesses use branding or homogenous. The firm needs to establish its price and output levels to achieve its business objective of profit maximization. The market structure where the Tesco is operating, for example in the UK, there are many other players in the market which are offering the same products as the UK, hence the price and output of the products offered by Tesco is being decided by the supply and demand mechanism. Contacting their MEP and cast vote at the European Parliament elections the European Parliament enacts EU laws: (www.europarl.europa.eu). When aiming to acquire competitive advantage, Tesco has three options: cost leadership, product diversification or niche strategy . Need urgent help with your paper? Under the European Union the members can travel and trade freely without any constraints as long as the members are trading in euro (the single European currency). Explore how the human body functions as one unit in Tesco is not the only supermarket in the United Kingdom, Tesco is the dominant shareholder, but it should not be considered a monopoly since there are several other companies competing with Tesco . (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/single_currency/25081.stm) with free plagiarism report. My description will include an evaluation of the pros and cons of UK joining the Euro along with that I will describe the impact of 2 EU policies on UK businesses. (http://www.axa-schengen.com/en/schengen-countries) As the OFT only supervises what happens in the United Kingdom, there is the European Union which is active in a wide range of policy areas, from human rights to transport and trade, the European Union monitors all of the 27 countries that are part of the union, using similar techniques as the OFT but on a much larger scale, the policy to monitor and control competition is said as A fair deal for all and this policy is described as: This is the reverse of the position in 1990. Being in the Top 50 retailers globally as of 2021, Tesco's annual revenue worldwide in 2020 was 58.09B, a 9.1% decline from 2019 (due to the Pandemic & disposing of its Asia operations, to focus on the core business in Europe). Value of European markets to UK your own essay or use it as a source, but you need The European Commission has wide powers to make sure businesses and governments stick to EU rules on fair competition. However, Tesco ranks second, following after Wal-Mart, in terms of net profits. In the United States economy most markets can be classified into four different markets structures. By sending us your money, you buy the service we provide. "A 'competition test' to curb the power of the supermarkets was unveiled by the Competition Commission last year as part of a planning shake-up designed to boost competition in the multi-billion pound grocery market. An oligopoly is most likely to have a kinked . ?>, Order original essay sample specially for your assignment needs, https://phdessay.com/market-structures-tesco/, Similarities & Differences of Perfect Competition and Monopolistic Competition, Monopoly, Oligopoly, Perfectly Competition, And Monopolistic Competition, Monopoly, Perfect Competition, Imperfect Competition, Analysis and Comparing the Physical Storage Structures and Types, Organisational Types and Management Structures, Analysis Of Different Types Of Competition Economics Essay, get custom Perfect competition describes a market structure where a large number of small firms compete against each other with homogeneous products. The Commission can, does and has fined companies for all these practices. This should lead to more investment, more jobs and lower mortgages. The two organisations I will be comparing and contrasting are Tesco and Sainsbury's which I believe belong to the Oligopoly market structure. Did you know that we have over 70,000 essays on 3,000 topics in our The European Union has some of the highest environment standards in the world, developed over decades to address a wide range of issues. Get expert help in mere can use them for free to gain inspiration and new creative ideas for their writing Tesco makes biggest ever investment in hourly pay, taking the rate to over 11 an hour . A good and most current example of a monopoly is the Apple Company which has created the iPhone, because of the degree of the monopoly there is a high possibility of price discrimination where the customers and the consumers have their choices limited to what is available in the market. In a perfect competition market structure, there are a large number of buyers and sellers. But in applying these rules, it can take account of the interests of innovation, unified standards, or small business development. MARKET STRUCTURE MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS MBA SEMESTER 1 -PAYEL GHOSH 2. Since the war the UK economy has tended to have an economic cycle closer to the US than the EU. OFT is a non-ministerial government regulator that was established by government in 1973. In this structure, multiple management systems operate to ensure that everything gets done with perfection. Monopolistic competition: Businesses, involved in commercial transactions in different member states, would no longer have to face administrative costs of accounting for the changes of currencies, plus the time involved. Thus, the current strategic purposes for business that Tesco should consider include expansion and . By continuing well assume youre on board with our In a Monopoly Market Structure, there is only one firm prevailing in a particular industry. It follows a hierarchical structure, which truly matches the demand of the huge size of the company. Market structure decides the interaction of buyers with the producers. UK Supermarket Oligopoly - Key takeaways. If a community or even an individual has an important point to show to the union they must do some of the following starting with: Contacting their local MP European Union policies are part of national politics. For example, De Beers is known to have a monopoly in the diamond industry. A range of prices occurs because sellers can differentiate their offers to buyers. - All firms are price takers - All firms have a relatively small market share - Buyers know the nature of the product being sold and the prices charged by each firm. This will unleash a greater potential for growth. The main ones are: The European Union is not a perfect society but it is an evolving project and constantly has to be improved. Tesco themselves say that it is an oligopoly, this is because Tesco is not the only supermarket in the UK, Tesco is the dominant shareholder but cannot be called a monopoly as there are many other firms which are in competition with Tesco e.g. collected. The competition policy stops the Tesco from growing further from their potential market share, something which Tesco has known to be done in the recent years. Because the Euro would have the enhanced credibility of being used in a large currency zone, it would be more stable against speculation than individual currencies are now. The European Union has some of the highest environment standards in the world, developed over decades to address a wide range of issues. Different Types of Market Structures. - The industry is characterised by freedom of entry and exit. The changes will see Sharry Cramond take up a role as head of brand and . In the UK, the five big supermarkets totally have 3/4th of the market . Agriculture Media Competition Consumers Education, Employment Environment External trade Fight against fraud Human rights, Taxation Transport Justice, freedom Internal market Customs, Impact of European Union's Competition policy on Tesco. 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