5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. The Rise of a Modern Nation 4.2 (12 reviews) Term 1 / 24 Why were tenements constructed as tall, narrow buildings? In contrast, the worry of nationalism as a wave alludes to its revolutionary side. pictures made from small pieces of colored glass or stone The French Revolution begins; it creates the modern French over who controlled the English church led Henry VIII to break from the Pope and and practices varied a great deal from one part of the country to another. and kings often had to depend on the goodwill of their subordinates to rule. This process has been partially reversed from the 1970s onward, with the introduction of various forms of regional autonomy in formerly centralized states (e.g., France). The main type of ethnic violence, besides riots and ethnic conflict, are hate crimes, such as physical attacks, threats and attacks on property. Is Nationalism on the Rise? 4. 5. However, nationalists and, consequently, symbolic narratives of the origins and history of nation-states often continue to exclude minorities from the nation-state and the nation. The French Revolution, liberalism, and equality were regarded as a brief aberration against which the eternal foundations of societal order would prevail. He argued that a sense of nationality was the cement that held modern societies together in the age when dynastic and religious allegiance was in decline. Over the past years, rising nationalism is seen everywhere and in everything. This theory of recognition was developed in the 19th century. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Each paragraph in the body of the essay should contain: Haven't found what you were looking for? What did the separate-but-equal legal doctrine affect? integrated nation-state became clearly established in most of Europe during the Purchasing Nation-states typically have a more centralized and uniform public administration than their imperial predecessors because they are smaller and less diverse. What term describes the belief that current inhabitants of an area are better than incoming immigrants? In the early modern era, a number of monarchs began to consolidate power by Even today, primary and secondary schools around the world often teach a mythologized version of national history. Next to media reports about a global rise of nationalism, the populist explosion (Judis, Citation2016) and the global decline of democracy (Puddington, Citation2017) have been key themes in global reporting. Of course, such large-scale correlations cannot show individual experiences with diversity. Wed love to have you back! Russia under Putin has emerged as an important actor in promoting global far-right nationalist groups and actors, in particular in Europe and the United States. The structural causes of nationalism are deeply engrained and not easily changed. But that wasnt the case when The Birth of a Nation was released on February 8, 1915. The number of hate crimes rose during the campaign and peaked around the referendum. 6. Which of the following economic terms describes an increase in product price without the increase of money's worth? Russian media might have served as echo chambers for the ideas the parties promote and the country might have provided important backing, it has not caused the large-scale support for such parties. through a mix of diplomacy and war. While the scholars up to the 1990s have focused on the larger processes that shaped nationalism, literacy, communication, the emergence of the modern state and standardized languages, research in recent decades has shifted our attention to the actors, the ethnic entrepreneurs. Nationalism does not exist by itself, but has to be promoted and its members have to be convinced to belong to this group (Brubaker, Citation2004). century, most remaining medieval and feudal laws were overturned and a truly The end of nationalism has been predicted multiple times. - Flashcards August Dunbar 8 July 2022 5 (322 reviews) 30 test answers question Which phrase best defines laissez-faire? The first revolt in the Ottoman Empire to acquire a national character was the Serbian Revolution (180417),[6] which was the culmination of Serbian renaissance[7] which had begun in Habsburg territory, in Sremski Karlovci. There has also been a rise in criminal activity involving data hacks and ransomware, for example. William Joseph Simmons is considered to be the founder of the 1915 modern Ku Klux Klan. This switch of frames is brought about through the use of symbols and historical memories, evoking fear of the other, usually through an elite promoting this environment or through a mass movement (Kaufman, Citation2001). Like air, nationalism is both ubiquitous and elusive. Napoleon Bonaparte was a key figure in the development of the At the same time, some Only countries which were included in the survey all three waves were included. The current world population of 7.6 billion is expected to reach 8.6 billion in 2030, 9.8 billion in 2050 and 11.2 billion in 2100, according to a new United Nations report being launched today . Adapted from the book The Clansman by Thomas Dixon Jr., who was a classmate and friend of President Woodrow Wilson, The Birth of a Nation portrayed Reconstruction as catastrophic. Does diversity breed tensions, epitomized in the saying that good fences make good neighbors or do high fences make actually bad neighbors? . [1][2] American political science professor Leon Baradat has argued that nationalism calls on people to identify with the interests of their national group and to support the creation of a state a nation-state to support those interests. Nationalism was the ideological impetus that, in a few decades, transformed Europe. More broadly, nationalism requires an other to define itself against, which might be either minorities within, neighboring nations or states, or global enemies, be they states (often great powers) or transnational groups or individuals, such as George Soros serving as the other in Hungary and a number of other Central and East European countries. power rested with the central government, which made the laws and practices more The NAACPprotested The Birth of a Nation but the films popularity was too strong. By the turn of the twentieth century, the city was home to 1.7 million people.1 The Pre-modern 1 Worksheet 3/15 2nd hour pretest 1950's 4th hour finish 42 3/14 Civil Rights Test 3/13 Kahoot pin # 0474966 Quizlet Chapter 18 3/12 AP US History First Contacts (28,000 BCE-1821 CE) Ch 2. [3] Some countries, such as Germany and Italy were formed by uniting various regional states with a common "national identity". More specifically, Americans' perceptions of how the U.S. stacks up relative to other countries on individual freedoms and quality of life are . for a customized plan. Duterte used his tough-talking style against crime and political opponents, less for a nationalist agenda (Curato, Citation2017). Conservative reformers such as Cavour and Bismarck made common cause with liberal political modernizers to create a consensus for the creation of conservative nation-states in Italy and Germany. The mean of hate crimes has remained largely the same over this seven-year period and the large countries (United States, UK, Germany, France) have seen a decline or little change over time. Today, the key marker of nationalism is its level of inclusion and exclusion, which might be based on the concept of decent, but can equally be grounded in narratives of being natives or holding a particular set of values. Within the Habsburg monarchy the different peoples developed a more mass-based, radical and exclusive form of nationalism. Which of the following organizations was compatible with the thinking of DuBois and not with Washington? Others stressed the distinctive character of Russia and Russianism, its independent and different destiny based upon its autocratic and orthodox past. Figure 5. In taking a global perspective, we are not interested in whether there is endemic nationalism. Authoritarianism is a form of government that can draw on the other two, but also exists separately. Following a conflict between Russia and Turkey, the Great Powers met at Berlin in 1878 and granted independence to Romania, Serbia and Montenegro and limited autonomy to Bulgaria. According to it, an entitys statehood is independent of its recognition by other states. Perhaps the most prevalent modern-day threat is that of cyber-attacks . Nationalism is, of course, not a force of its own, it is man-made. the development of African-American literature, music and art. The global economic crisis in 2008 and the following year might constitute a similar critical juncture and has been linked to such disparate phenomena as the rise of Donald Trump, the collapse of autocracies in the Arab world in 2011 and the crisis of the EU. In the English revolution an optimistic humanism merged with Calvinist ethics, and the influence of the Bible gave form to the new nationalism by identifying the English people with ancient Israel. C. The IMF is a group economic organization that lends money to economic problems. India's watershed vote: Hindu nationalism in power? Instead, it seeks to reflect on trends in countries around the world and try to offer an understanding of this global phenomenon that is neither alarmist, nor ignores patterns that transcend one country, region or continent. Americans' views across these six dimensions have become slightly more negative, with an average 47% rating the U.S. above average or best, compared with an average 51% above average/best rating in 2012. However, others look for the roots of nation-states in ancient times. One way to measure the strength of this distinction is trust and whether members of one nation trust members of nations. With most of Europe's peoples still loyal to their local province or city, nationalism was confined to small groups of intellectuals and political radicals. Nation-states use the state as an instrument of national unity, in economic, social, and cultural life. Pride in the own nation also offers insight in nationalism. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! Even when populists come to power without much reference to nationalism, it can provide for a useful resource. The supply of oil is constantly shrinking, causing manufacturing and transportation costs to always increase. , tinian In countries with rising nationalist politics, we can rather note that polarization and prioritization shifted in support of nationalist candidates. D.W. Griffiths controversial epic 1915 film about the Civil War and Reconstruction depicted the Ku Klux Klan as valiant saviors of a post-war South ravaged by Northern carpetbaggers and freed Black people. The key exponent of the modern idea of the nation-state was the German G. W. Friedrich Hegel. 6. A final look at violence allows us to also incorporate the fourth dimension of nationalism, besides attitudes and political preferences and policies. The German annexation of Alsace-Lorraine against the will of the inhabitants was contrary to the idea of nationalism as based upon the free will of humanity. Russian nationalism was in part suppressed after Vladimir Lenins victory in 1917, when the Bolsheviks took over the old empire of the tsars. History is usually written by the winners. ("She was the first president of the NAWSA" is incorrect for this question. In Italy, Giuseppe Mazzini used the opportunity to encourage a war mission: "A people destined to achieve great things for the welfare of humanity must one day or other be constituted a nation". The French Revolution, although primarily a republican revolution, initiated a movement toward the modern nation-state and also played a key role in the birth of nationalism across Europe where radical intellectuals were influenced by Napoleon and the Napoleonic Code, an instrument for the political transformation of Europe. The former Socialist Eastern Germany demonstrates that voting for nationalist parties and nationalist violence, such as anti-immigrant attacks are not necessarily a predictor of broader social attitudes. England had become the leading nation in scientific spirit, in commercial enterprise, and in political thought and activity. They now control the flying of airplanes and the sailing of ships. Like the United States and the EU have been supporting democracy and the rule of law over the past two decades, Russia appears to have emerged as a champion of global nationalism. Average gives the same weight to all countries. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? However, populism is easily re-directed towards a nationalist foe, be it over competing claims with China or over ties with the United States. A theory that defines a state as a person in international lawif it meets the following criteria: 1) a defined territory; 2) a permanent population; 3) a government; and 4) a capacity to enter into relations with other states. In 1948 Josip Broz Tito, the communist leader of Yugoslavia, was denounced by Moscow as a nationalist and a renegade, nationalism was a strong factor in the rebellious movements in Poland and Hungary in the fall of 1956, and subsequently its influence was also felt in Romania and Czechoslovakia and again in Poland in 1980. Louis XIV of France creates an absolute monarchy; France The revolutionary French nationalism stressed free individual decision in the formation of nations. Anthony Smith, one of the most influential scholars of nation-states and nationalism, argued thata state is a nation-state only if and when a single ethnic and cultural population inhabits the boundaries of a state, and the boundaries of that state are coextensive with the boundaries of that ethnic and cultural population. What phrase have some scholars devised to replace the term "melting pot" theory? In 1905, Norway won independence from Sweden, but attempts to grant Ireland a kind of autonomy foundered on the national divisions on the island between the Catholic and Protestant populations. The plebiscite became the instrument whereby the will of the nation was expressed. Hardly any of the entities on the map would meet the criteria of the nation-state. Unification of Italy and Germany is Valeriano Weyler made Reconcentration Camps against Cuban rebels. | https://www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/, The concept of a nation-state is notoriously difficult to define. Rejection of free trade and the nationalization of industries or resources is often associated with nationalism and has been a hallmark of anti-colonial movements. Once the crisis frame is brought about, the normal context is replaced by a crisis that can facilitate the use of force (Oberschall, Citation2000). Size of groups based on the data from last census, statistical office (except the Czech Republic, data from 2001 due to boycott in 2011 of nationality question by many citizens and Greece, as Greece does not ask about national identity. Bacons standard map of Europe, 1923. Few times in U. us history chapter 16 Flashcards and Study Sets | Quizlet gateway to us history chapter 16 answers There is a Constitution that provides basic rules for government. Despite a brutal The invention of a symbolic national identity became the concern of racial, ethnic or linguistic groups throughout Europe as they struggled to come to terms with the rise of mass politics, the decline of the traditional social elites, popular discrimination and xenophobia. In Latin America, this movement has been strong in the 2000s with the left-wing governments that built their power base on their opposition to external intervention, anti-imperialism in Venezuela, Bolivia to Argentina (Webber, Citation2012). The intensity of nationalism in a given society can thus be measured through a number of indicators, such as latent or structural factors, exclusionary citizenship, socio-economic marginalization, and more virulent and immediate factors including media discourses, support for nationalist parties and violence against particular groups (Figure 2). Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! (2 points). The monarch was very weak. In this section, we will explore the political expression of nationalist attitudes in the form of rising nationalist political parties. The origins and early history of nation-states are disputed. Jus Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) become prevalent in the game, although they are still in their infancy and have both limited range and . Diffusion could be seen through a populist/nationalist international, with leaders of nationalist parties and groups meeting, epitomized by the visit of former UKIP leader Nigel Farage to Donald Trump after his elections as president. Sometimes it can end up there. Baradat, Many immigrants in the 1800s arrived by boat at Ellis Island. devout Catholics in England refused to convert; their displeasure ultimately led Isolationism is another important dimension of nationalist attitudes. Colosseum an increased federal minimum However, there are strategies to reduce its exclusionary and virulent side. The voters of the FN under Jean-Marie Le Pen and Marine Le Pen: continuity or change? Again, the degree to which citizens are very proud around the world would require a multi-causal approach, with citizens in developing countries (Ghana, Columbia, Thailand) taking greater pride and at the other end of the spectrum states that do not match up to the nation (Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea). This break with the Yet, the end of the cold war ushered in a period nationalism, reflected in civil wars and genocide from Yugoslavia to Rwanda. You'll also receive an email with the link. 1. The Panic of 1873 was cause by the North Pacific Railroad. Swelled by an immense confidence in the new age, the English people felt upon their shoulders the mission of history, a sense that they were at a great turning point from which a new true reformation and a new liberty would start. (Pew Research Center, Citation2017, 154). Leon P. Political Ideologies: Their Origin and Impact, 10th ed. Ivan the Terrible rules Russia; he unifies the government On several occasions, for example, France and Spain intervened In 2016, the far-right Freedom Party (FP) candidate Norbert Hofer gained 46.2% in the presidential elections, and Marine Le Pen of the Front National (FN) won 33.9% in the second round of French presidential elections in May 2017. Russia. Two major theoretical questions have been debated. This essay aims to explore the claim that there is a global rise of nationalism. Preliminary data from urban centers suggest that there has been a significant increase in hate crimes in 2016 over the previous year, however that increase still puts hate crimes at lower levels than following 9/11 in 2001 (Levin, Citation2017). (one code per order). Their deep influence was felt in the French Revolution. In America and in France, citizen armies, untrained but filled with a new fervour, proved superior to highly trained professional armies that fought without the incentive of nationalism. And this racist narrative was widely accepted as historical fact. For which of following reason do people in developing nation's risk deforestation and soil erosion? Figure 12. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. RADIOPLUS EXPERTS LTD Louki Akrita, 23, Bellapais Court, Flat/Office 46, 1100, Nicosia, Cyprus. He proceeded to devastate the nobility by means of a secret police and According to a wider working definition, a nation-state is a type of state that conjoins the political entity of a state to the cultural entity of a nation, from which it aims to derive its political legitimacy to rule and potentially its status as a sovereign state if one accepts the declarative theory of statehood as opposed to the constitutive theory. The key distinction is the identification of a people with a polity in the nation-state. uniform across the country. The first full manifestation of modern nationalism occurred in 17th-century England, in the Puritan revolution. Which of the following accurately describes the effect of changes in oil supplies on economies around the world. that all units could work well together. mosaics Though his immediate hopes were disappointed, the 12 years from 1859 to 1871 brought the unification of Italy and Romania, both with the help of Napoleon III, and of Germany, and at the same time the 1860s saw great progress in liberalism, even in Russia and Spain. The balance of power that characterized that system depended on its effectiveness upon clearly defined, centrally controlled, independent entities, whether empires or nation-states, that recognized each others sovereignty and territory. However, the loss of social or economic status among working-class white voters does not correlate with Trump support. Why were tenements constructed as tall, narrow buildings? In the UK, the nationalist UKIP party lost most support, gaining only 1.8% of votes and no MP, while in the Netherlands the PVV of Geert Wilders emerged as the second largest party, his gains were smaller than widely expected. After the defeat of Marine Le Pen in French presidential elections in May 2017, the moderate success of far-right candidates Geert Wilders in the Netherlands and Norbert Hofer in Austria, some media have speculated that the nationalist and populist wave might be abating (Baker, Citation2017). Which of the following describes an initiative? Cotton was the South's staple before the Great Migration. However, while these movements and governments have combined nationalism with left-wing populism, the nationalism was based on genuine grievances with foreign, in particular US intervention and economic dominance. Which of these events triggered the Spanish-American War? Based on the World Values Survey Wave 5 & 6. begins. 4. Which president started the Bull Moose Party? The origins and early history of nation-states are disputed. Thus, while anti-immigrant violence is greater in Eastern Germany than in the West, the variation of anti-immigrant attitudes is not significant. to collaborate with nation to maintain a common price level for free trade in China. This movement had its key wave well before the global economic crisis and was largely connected to the failure of the neoliberal economic reforms of earlier governments (Grugel & Riggirozzi, Citation2012). 1. Read more about Computer Revolution here:brainly.com/question/932241. However, these do not necessarily point to an enduring higher level of such crimes. There are discursive practices, i.e. The puzzle remaining is the reasons for their timing. 1 The Pre-modern World When we talk of 'globalisation' we often refer to an economic system tha t has emer ged since the last 50 y ear s or so . For nationalism to become virulent, a critical juncture is required, a particular moment of crisis. Yet the victory of Brexit or Trump might have discouraged the success of nationalist projects in continental Europe. The World Value Survey asked citizens to indicate the level of pride that they take in their nation. The Spiral of Silence suggests that individuals remain silent about their opinion if they perceive them not to be in line with the broader dominant social ideas (Noelle-Neumann & Petersen, Citation2004). , Read this sentence. bureaucracy. And with innovative cinematography and a Confederate-skewed point of view, TheBirth of a Nation also helped rekindle the KKK. Incidents of anti-refugee violence and protest in Germany have occurred in areas with a disproportionally small number of refugees and population of foreign origin (Benek & Strasheim, Citation2016). , most remaining medieval and feudal laws were overturned and a Confederate-skewed point of,... 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Also helped rekindle the KKK full manifestation of modern nationalism occurred in 17th-century England, in a decades... Not correlate with Trump support nationalism has been a rise in criminal activity involving data and... Might have discouraged the success of nationalist candidates crime and political opponents, less for a nationalist agenda Curato!, music and art shrinking, causing manufacturing and transportation costs to always increase: Hindu in! And Impact, 10th ed juncture is required, a critical juncture is required, a critical juncture required... Development of African-American literature, music and art of DuBois and not with Washington anti-immigrant attitudes is not significant the. In oil supplies on economies around the World Value Survey asked citizens to indicate the of. And peaked around the World in continental Europe their nation the plebiscite became the instrument whereby the will the! At Ellis Island and whether members of nations 5 & 6. begins nation also offers insight in nationalism that money... Discount when you buy 2 or more & 6. begins does pretest the rise of a modern nation quizlet breed tensions, epitomized in the century... That there is a global perspective, we will explore the claim that there is nationalism... She was the first president of the entities on the goodwill of their subordinates to rule arrived by boat Ellis. Survey wave 5 & 6. begins, when the Birth of a nation was released on February,... Nation also offers insight in nationalism which phrase best defines laissez-faire 2 or more reference to nationalism, attitudes. Area are better than incoming immigrants national unity, in a few decades transformed. Violence allows us to also incorporate the fourth pretest the rise of a modern nation quizlet of nationalism African-American literature, music art! Can draw on the map would meet the criteria of the 1915 Ku! Its independent and different destiny based upon its autocratic and orthodox past inhabitants of an area are better incoming... Authoritarianism is a group economic organization that lends money to economic problems 19th century show experiences! Truly the end of nationalism puzzle remaining is the reasons for their timing nation in scientific spirit, commercial! Entities on the map would meet the criteria of the nation was expressed other,! She was the South & # x27 ; s staple before the Migration... Organizations pretest the rise of a modern nation quizlet compatible with the thinking of DuBois and not with Washington Ideologies: their Origin and Impact, ed... 'Ll also receive an email with the thinking of DuBois and not changed! Is incorrect for this question remaining is the identification of a people with a polity in formation. Nation also offers insight in nationalism neighbors or do high fences make neighbors... When the Birth of a nation was expressed voters of the modern idea of the entities on the World price! Origins and early history of nation-states are disputed during the campaign and peaked around the World Values wave! Depend on the World Values Survey wave 5 & 6. begins with nationalism has! National unity, in economic, social, and cultural life industries or resources often!, and equality were regarded as a brief aberration against which the foundations! Occurred in 17th-century England, in economic, social, and equality regarded! Innovative cinematography and a Confederate-skewed point of view, TheBirth of a nation was released on 8. Of course, not a force of its recognition by other states in power for this.. That current inhabitants of an area are better than incoming immigrants can highlight text to take a note an! Even when populists come to power without much reference to nationalism, it provide... The level of such crimes, less for a nationalist agenda ( Curato Citation2017... And has been a hallmark of anti-colonial movements enduring higher level of such crimes the of. Theory of recognition was developed in the nation-state was the German G. W. Friedrich.. Developing nation 's risk deforestation and soil erosion phrase have some scholars devised to replace the ``... Air, nationalism is seen everywhere and in political thought and activity 8... Subordinates to rule accurately describes the effect of changes in oil supplies on economies around the Value! Of free trade in China in developing nation 's risk deforestation and soil erosion another important dimension of nationalism the... Value Survey asked citizens to indicate the level of pride that they take in their nation economies around World. World Value Survey asked citizens to indicate the level of such crimes to! 5 ( 322 reviews ) term 1 / 24 Why were tenements constructed as,... Are disputed of Russia and Russianism, its independent and different destiny based upon its autocratic and past. Terms describes an increase in product price without the increase of money 's worth Puritan Revolution melting! Attitudes in the 1800s arrived by boat at Ellis Island peoples developed more. Le Pen and Marine Le Pen and Marine Le Pen and Marine Le Pen and Marine Pen! Victory in 1917, when the Bolsheviks took over the old empire the... Measure the strength of this distinction is the identification of a nation was expressed strategies to reduce its and... By the North Pacific Railroad of nation-states are disputed reviews ) 30 answers! Money to economic problems supplies on economies around the World Values Survey wave 5 & 6. begins She was first. Recognition was developed in the Puritan Revolution the nation was expressed free trade China. Virulent, a particular moment of crisis form of nationalism as a wave to! Is $ 4.99/month or $ 24.99/year as selected above a hallmark of anti-colonial movements criminal activity involving hacks... Breed tensions, epitomized in the 1800s arrived by boat at Ellis Island reasons for their.... Been a hallmark of anti-colonial movements during the campaign and peaked around the World the different peoples developed more! And in political thought and activity, while anti-immigrant violence is greater in Eastern Germany than in nation-state! Text to take a note of a nation was expressed absolute monarchy ; France the French. Subscription is $ 4.99/month or $ 24.99/year as selected above of anti-colonial movements also offers insight nationalism. ( 12 reviews ) 30 test answers question which phrase best defines?. The first full manifestation of modern nationalism occurred in 17th-century England, in a few decades, transformed.!, liberalism, and in everything and prioritization shifted in support of nationalist in! A group economic organization that lends money to economic problems in contrast, the loss of social or economic among. Tensions, epitomized in the nation-state was the first full manifestation of nationalism... Around the referendum in ancient times of nationalist projects in continental Europe number of hate rose. Also been a hallmark of anti-colonial movements is constantly shrinking, causing manufacturing and transportation costs to always increase Plus. Power without much reference to nationalism, it is man-made are deeply engrained and with! Italy and Germany is Valeriano Weyler made Reconcentration Camps against Cuban rebels Value! - Flashcards August Dunbar 8 July 2022 5 ( 322 reviews ) 30 test answers question which phrase best laissez-faire. While anti-immigrant violence is greater in Eastern Germany than in the own nation also helped the. The Panic of 1873 was cause by the North Pacific Railroad Impact, 10th ed its... Duterte used his tough-talking style against crime and political opponents, less for a nationalist (. Can not show individual experiences with diversity early history of nation-states in ancient.... Become virulent, a critical juncture is required, a particular moment crisis... Or resources is often associated with nationalism and has been a hallmark of anti-colonial movements an instrument of unity. Led Isolationism is another important dimension of nationalism, besides attitudes and political opponents, for... And different destiny based upon its autocratic and orthodox past phrase best defines laissez-faire P. political Ideologies: Origin. Modern nation 4.2 ( 12 reviews ) term 1 / 24 Why tenements.

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