Child Abuse & Neglect. He was found innocent and exonerated in March 2021, after 3 years of no-contact order with his children. October 2021. November 2017. Pediatric Emergency Care. Infant mortality is defined as death occurring during the first year of life and is an important summary reflecting social, political, health care delivery and medical outcomes in a geographic area. The Effectiveness of Parenting Programs in Preventing Abusive Head Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Maassel, N.L., Asnes, A.G., Leventhal, J.M., et al. Arnaud C. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. Paraja, J.M., Li, X., Gandham, N., et al. April 2021. Features of intracranial hemorrhage in cerebral venous thrombosis. Abusive and positive parenting behavior in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic under the state of emergency. with shaking her baby to death By . . Catching the red eye: A retrospective review of factors associated with retinal hemorrhage in child physical abuse. Debunking Fringe Beliefs in Child Abuse Imaging: AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review. Prevalence of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis in abusive head trauma. Lee G.S, Lindberg, D.M., Frasier, L., et al. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Infants with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Associations with Abusive Head Trauma. High Frequency of Previous Abuse and Missed Diagnoses Prior to Abusive Head Trauma: A Consecutive Case Series of 100 Forensic Examinations. Short-Term Effects of Tax Credits on Rates of Child Maltreatment Reports in the United States. December 2022. Child Abuse Review. April 2022. Catching the red eye: A retrospective review of factors associated with retinal hemorrhage in child physical abuse. Prevalence of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis in abusive head trauma. Uan, B.,Tokur, O., & Aydin, S. Emergency Radiology. Exploring the Vitreoretinal Interface: a Key Instigator of Unique Retinal Hemorrhage Patterns in Pediatric Head Trauma. Improving Follow-Up Skeletal Survey Completion in Children with Suspected Nonaccidental Trauma. View child care courses under the topic of SIDS, Shaken Baby, and Brain Development. Screening for Child Abuse in Children With Isolated Skull Fractures. Peace, A.E., Caruso, D., Agala, C.B., et al. December 2022. October 2022. March 2021. Lzrescu, A.M., Benichi, S., & Blauwblomme, T. JAMA Network Open. [Epub ahead of print]. Figueira Rodrigues Vieira G & Guedes Correa JF. Pediatric Radiology. April 2021. Raza H.F., Archambault, E., Pepin, K., Lord, A., et al. Child Abuse Review. Yet the scientific bases of the diagnosis are increasingly coming under question. Porto, L., Bartles, M., Zwaschka, J., et al. December 2017. Shaken baby syndrome is used to explain a triad of injuries in children . Pediatric Emergency Care. January 2016. Emergency Medicine Journal, BMJ. February 2023. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics. High prevalence of non-accidental trauma among deceased children presenting at Level I trauma centers in the Netherlands. Shanahan, M.E., Austin, A.E., Durrance, C.P., et al. Davison, M.A., Button, K.D., Benzel, E.C., et al. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. What other types of injuries might occur as a result of shaking? Lifetime Cost of Abusive Head Trauma at Ages 0-4, USA. Consensus statement on abusive head trauma in infants and young children. Expert Witness Participation in Civil and Criminal Proceedings. January 2023. Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. 2. Pediatric Radiology. Abusive Head Trauma: Understanding Head Injury Maltreatment. Black bone MRI with 3D reconstruction for the detection of skull fractures in children with suspected abusive head trauma. Child Maltreatment. 86% of deaths occurred in the first 5 months of life. Pediatric Radiology. Prevention of Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma: Time to Rethink Interventions and Reframe Messages. Blumenthal, A. Shaken Baby Syndrome is seen most frequently in those younger that 6 months old, but can occur up to the age of three. Child Abuse & Neglect. Protzenko, T., &Salomo, J.F. Trends in shaken baby syndrome diagnosis codes among young children hospitalized for abuse. The 30 clock hours of annual training are exclusive of any requirements for the licensing Pre-application Course, first-aid and CPR training, and transportation safety training. Warner N, McCans KM, Levin AV. Bertocci, G., Smalley, C., Brown, N., et al. A cluster randomized trial to reduce missed abusive head trauma in pediatric intensive care settings. . December 2022. BMJ. Child Abuse & Neglect. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology. Nationwide Management of Trauma in Child Abuse: Exploring the Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities. August 2020 [epub ahead of print]. Ridings, L.E.,Espeleta, H.C., Streck, C.J., et al. December 2022. Evaluation of nonaccidental trauma in infants presenting with skull fractures: a retrospective review. May 2020. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma. International Journal of Legal Medicine. March 2022. The relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental health problems: coping strategies and social support act as mediators. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. National Risk Factors for Child Maltreatment after Trauma: Failure to Prevent. May 2022. Lawson, M., Tully, J., Ditchfield, M., et al. Wright, J., Painter, S., Kodagali, S.S. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Weiss, R., He, C.H., Parsikia, A., et al. Berthold, O., Clemens, V., Levi, B.H., et al. January 2018 [epub ahead of print]. A baby has weak neck muscles and a large, heavy head. Wang G, Zhang XP, Gao Z, et al. N.L., Hill, H.D., Mooney, S.J., et al. July 2016. . Cowley LE, Maguire S, Farewell DM, et al. Characteristics associated with spine injury on magnetic resonance imaging in children evaluated for abusive head trauma. Retinal hemorrhages, especially those at the ora serrata and those involving many layers of the retina are frequently seen in SBS/AHT victims and are uncommon in other types of head injury. Medicolegal issues in abusive head trauma for the pediatric neurosurgeon. January 2020. It's no one's fault. April 2017. November 2022. May 2022. Preventing Maltreatment of Children. Shaken Baby Syndrome: A hospital-based educaton and prevention program in the intermediate care and the newborn intensive care nurseries. JAMA Pediatrics. Injuries like Charlie's are sometimes referred to as "shaken baby syndrome", but the medical term is abusive head trauma (AHT). Oh A, Olson LD, & Chern JJ. Harris, C.K., & Stagner, A.M. Shusterman G.R., Fluke, J.D., Nunez, J.J., et al. Neuroimaging of retinal hemorrhage utilizing adjunct orbital susceptibility-weighted imaging. The eye in child abuse. Chen, Y., & Feng, J. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. Estimating the probability of abusive head trauma after abuse evaluation. July 2022. February 2020. Differences BetweenViral Meningitis and Abusive Head Trauma. Chen, Q., Chen, Z., Xu, L., et al. August 2022. December 2018. Eysenbach, L., Leventhal, J. M., Gaither, J. R., et al. November 2021. Acceptance of Shaken Baby Syndrome and Abusive Head Trauma as Medical Diagnoses. October 2021. Pediatric Radiology. Shaken Baby Syndrome (also known as Shaken Impact Syndrome) is a serious form of abuse inflicted upon a child. Metz, J.B., Otjen, J.P., Perez, F.A., et al. Sept. 2018. Pediatrics. Failure to diagnose SBS increases the likelihoodof recurrence. Journal of Neurosurgery. Facing the loss of siblings in childhood: Interactions and dynamics between bereaved siblings and their parents. Hymel, K.P., Boos, S.T., Armijo-Garcia, V., et al. Community home visiting services and child maltreatment report rates, Illinois zip codes, 20112018. April 2021. Pediatric Research. Samaisha's father had dropped her off at Hoover-Moore's North Side home on Dec. 1, 2002 at about 2:55 p.m. Less than four hours later, Hoover-Moore called 911 to report that the child was having . Kratchman, D.M., Vaugh, P., Silverman, B.L., et al. Steinbeigle R, Barr M, Barr RG, & Miller TR. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Infants with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Associations with Abusive Head Trauma. AAP News & Journals. Sept 2016. Multi-modality imaging characteristics of costochondral fractures, a highly specific rib fracture for child abuse. Underestimating isolated bilateral hygroma as non-accidental head injury with dramatic consequences: a case presentation. Although the cause is unknown, it appears that SIDS might be associated with defects in the portion of an infant's . Child Abuse & Neglect. This May, Jennifer Del Prete was released from prison after a federal judge in Illinois found that the scientific evidence of SBS that prosecutors used to argue that Del Prete had shaken a 4-month . International Journal of Child Maltreatment: Research, Policy and Practice. March 2021. X., et al. July 2022. Head biomechanics of video recorded falls involving children in a childcare setting. December 2022. Effect of a Protocol to Reduce Radiographic Imaging in Pediatric Patients With Suspected Fractures. Cost of Pediatric Trauma: A Comparison of Non-Accidental and Accidental Trauma in Pediatric Patients. Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients Admitted with Abusive Head Trauma. January 2019. September 2020. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. A bad time for kids in lockdown: The relationship between negative pandemic events, parenting stress, and maltreatment related parenting behaviors. She said 80 percent were 3 and under, while more than 40 percent were younger than 1. November 2021. The role of household composition of children diagnosed with abusive head trauma. The association between child maltreatment and sleep disturbances among preschoolers. American Journal of Ophthalmology. Awareness and knowledge of pediatric abusive head trauma among healthcare professionals in Taiwan. Berthold, O., Jud, A., Jarczok, M, et al. Identifying Maltreatment in Infants and Young Children Presenting with Fractures: Does Age Matter? Biomechanical Response of the Infant Head to Shaking: An Experimental Investigation. Disability and visual outcomes following suspected abusive head trauma in children under 2 years. Berger R and Lindberg DM. Parreco J, Quiroz HJ, Willobee BA, et al. Optical Coherence Tomography and Visual Outcomes in Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma. JAMA. Survey on Reporting of Child Abuse by Pediatricians: Intrapersonal Inconsistencies Influence Reporting Behavior More than Legislation. June 2021. Prevalence, Patterns, and Clinical Relevance of Hypoxic-Ischemic Injuries in Children Exposed to Abusive Head Trauma, Advanced Cervical Spine Imaging in Abusive Head Trauma: An Update on Recent Literature and Future Directions, Eight-year outcome of implementation of abusive head trauma prevention, Racial and Ethic Disparities and Bias in the Evaluation and Reporting of Abusive Head Trauma, The Eye Examination in the Evaluation of Child Abuse, Development of a Model of Hemispheric Hypodensity ("Big Black Brain"), Pathology of Permiacular Folds due to Vitreoretinal Traction in Abusive Head Trauma, The Big Black Brain: Subdural Hemorrhage with Hemispheric Swelling and Low Attenuation, Factors influencing child protection professionals' decision-making and multidiscliplinary collaboration in suspected abusive head trauma cases: A qualitative study, Acceptablity of the Predicting Abusive Head Trauma (PredAHT) clinical prediction tool: A qualitative study with child protection professionals, Combatting misinformation about abusive head trauma: AAP endorses new report, Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome). Racial and Ethic Disparities and Bias in the Evaluation and Reporting of Abusive Head Trauma. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. An evidence-based method for targeting an abusive head trauma prevention media campaign and its evaluation. Utility of three-dimensional and reformatted head computed tomography images in the evaluation of pediatric abusive head trauma. Chen, S.Y., Gao, L., Imagawa, K.K., et al. American Journal of Roentgenology. Ferguson, N.M., Rebsamen, S., Field A.S., et al. September 2021. April 2017. primarily Emergency Department physicians, forensic physicians, and paediatricians about cases of shaken baby syndrome . February 2020. Abusive and positive parenting behavior in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic under the state of emergency. Narang SK, Estrada C, Greenberg S, Lindberg DM. Sidpra J, ul Owase Jeelani N, Ong J, et al. External Validation of the PediBIRN Screening Tool for Abusive Head Trauma in Pediatric Emergency Department Settings. Retina hemorrhages typically happen in both eyes (bilateral) but can also be unilateral (one eye). Journal of Pediatric Surgery. It is caused by violent shaking or blunt impact. Journal of Surgical Research. Acad Pediatr. Incidence and Risk Factors for Abusive Head Trauma A Population-Based Study. Other injuries that can occur as a result of shaking are cerebral edema (brain swelling), cerebral contusions (brain bruises), external head bruises, body bruises, skull fractures, rib fractures, long bone fractures, neck and spinal cord damage, or other injuries that cannot be explained through a medical condition or accidental trauma. June 2021. Usefulness of 3-D computed tomography for diagnosis of abusive head trauma. Oh A, Olson LD, & Chern JJ. Some children develop cerebral palsy or some continue to live in a persistent vegetative state. Utility of three-dimensional and reformatted head computed tomography images in the evaluation of pediatric abusive head trauma. Massiota, L., Launay, E., Fleury, J., et al. Lethal abusive head trauma in infancy in Denmark from 2000 to 2011. The monthly incidence of abusive head trauma, inflicted skeletal trauma, and unexplained skin lesion in children in six French university hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Serious brain injury and even death can occur. Notrica, D.M., Kirsch, L., Misra, S., et al. Pediatrics. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) show that 1,545 infants died from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in 2014 (the most recent year for which data are available).1 SIDS was the leading cause of death in children between 1 month and 1 year of age in 2013.2 The majority (90%) of SIDS deaths occur before a child is 6 months old, with most happening between 1 month . June 2019. Are Complex Skull Fractures Indicative of Either Child Abuse or Major Trauma in the Era of 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography. September 2019. Amagasa S, Uematsu S, & Tsuji S. Journal of Neurosurgery. Imaging and reporting considerations for suspected physical abuse (non-accidental injury) in infants and young children. Legal Outcomes of Suspected Maltreatment Cases Evaluated by a Child Abuse Pediatrician as Part of a Multidisciplinary Team Investigation*. Neonatal mortality is typically . Multiple giant retinal tears due to inflicted injury in a neonate. Abusive head trauma: an epidemiological and cost analysis. Violent Infant Surrogate Shaking: Continuous High-Magnitude Centripetal Force and Abrupt Shift in Tangential Acceleration May Explain High Risk of Subdural Hemorrhage. Orthopedic manifestations of child abuse. Injuries and child abuse increase during the pandemic over 12942 emergency admissions. July 2020. Do Not Prop bottles in the baby's mouth! Mannes, I., Drissi, C., & Adamsbaum, C. Child's Nervous System. Cercone, D.J., Berger, R.P., Manole, M.D., et al. December 2017 [Epub ahead of print]. occurs when a person violently shakes a baby. Abusive Head Trauma in Child Maltreatment-Related Homicide Cases in the United States: An Analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System Data- 20122017. March 2020. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Pfeiffer H, Cowley LE, Kemp AM, et al. Early Diagnosis of Abusive Head Trauma to Avoid Repetitive Shaking Events. Paid family leave's effect on hospital admissions for pediatric abusive head trauma. Journal of Pediatric Neurology. A review of current imaging techniques used for the detection of occult bony fractures in young children suspected of sustaining non-accidental injury. December 2017 [epub ahead of print]. Orman, G., Kralik, S.F., Desai, N.K., et al. May 2015. Babl FE, Pfeiffer H, Kelly P, et al. Child Abuse & Neglect. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. After years of courtroom scrutiny over the now-questionable science of "shaken baby syndrome," the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals decided Wednesday that doubt surrounding the cause of his daughter's death was not enough to overturn Robert Roberson's death sentence. Impact of the Take 5 Safety Plan for Crying on the Occurrence of Abusive Head Trauma. Timely recognition of retinal hemorrhage in pediatric abusive head trauma evaluation. November 2022. Rabbitt, A.L., Olson, N.L., Niegl, M.N., et al. Raynor E, Konala R, and Freemont A.Forensic and Legal Medicine. February 2016. Sornalingam K, Borman AD, and Ashworth J. Throwing the baby out with the bath water - response to the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU) report on traumatic shaking. Cutaneous manifestations of child abuse and neglect: Part I. Cutaneous mimics of child abuse and neglect: Part II. Cervical Spine Imaging and Injuries in Young Children with Non-Motor Vehicle Crash-Associated Traumatic Brain Injury. [Epub ahead of print], Abusive head trauma: an epidemiological and cost analysis. July 2017. Narang, S.K., Sachdev, K.K., Bertocci, K., et al. Majiaghamemar M, Lan IS, Christian C, Coats B, Margulies SS. Abusive head trauma: experience improves diagnosis. Zolotor AJ, Runyan DK, Shanahan M, Durrance CP, Nocera M, Sullivan K, Klevens J, Murphy R, Barr M, Barr RG. An unusual blunt force trauma pattern and mechanism to the cranial vault: Investigation of an atypical infant homicide. The association between child maltreatment and sleep disturbances among preschoolers. December 2017. Abusive head trauma (AHT), which includes shaken baby syndrome, is a preventable and severe form of physical child abuse that results in an injury to the brain of an infant or child. Evaluation of the Hypothesis that Choking/ALTE May Mimic Abusive Head Trauma. 20. The association of subcortical brain injury and abusive head trauma. Cureus. August 2022. Evaluating abusive head trauma in children <5 years old: Risk factors and the importance of the social history. July 2022. But the Court of Criminal Appeals stopped his death, sending the case back to the trial court for further review after the scientific consensus on shaken baby syndrome shifted. Abusive Head Trauma in Child Maltreatment-Related Homicide Cases in the United States: An Analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System Data- 20122017. Child's Nervous System. Pediatric Emergency Care. [Epub ahead of print]. June 2020. The natural history of retinal hemorrhage in pediatric head trauma. But the Court of Criminal Appeals stopped his death, sending the case back to the trial court for further review after the scientific consensus on shaken baby syndrome shifted. Pediatric Radiology. Pediatric Radiology. June 2020. January 2023. August 2018. Abusive Head Trauma and Mortality - An Analysis From an International Comparative Effectiveness Study of Children With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. A changing history: When is it a red flag for child abuse? Journal of America Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. January 2017. Thousands of people in the U.S. have been convicted of shaking a baby to death since the 1970s. Rolfes MC, Deyle DR, King KS, et al. Child's Nervous System. Relevance of Abusive Head Trauma to Intracranial Hemorrhagesand Bleeding Disorders. Infant mortality rate continues to be one of the most widely used indicators of the overall health status of a community. Most cases of shaken baby syndrome happen when a parent or caregiver gets frustrated because a baby won't stop crying. January 2023. Overturned abusive head trauma and shaken baby syndrome convictions in the United States: Prevalence, legal basis, and medical evidence. Mild injuries might include learning disabilities, personality changes, or behavior problems. Shope, C., Alshareef, M., Larrew, T., et al. Which Children Are at Risk for Abusive Head Trauma? The importance of optic nerve sheath hemorrhage as a postmortem finding in cases of fatal abusive head trauma: a 13-year study in a tertiary hospital, Development and Validation of a Physical Model to Investigate the Biomechanics of Infant Head Injury, Photographic assessment of retinal hemorrhages in infant head injury: the Childhood Hemorrhagic Retinopathy Study, Derivation and Validation of a Serum Biomarker Panel to Identify Infants with Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage, Cervical spine imaging for young children with inflicted trauma: Expanding the injury pattern, Expert Witness Participation in Civil and Criminal Proceedings. Include learning disabilities, personality changes, or behavior problems cowley LE, Maguire S, Uematsu,! 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