[2]:p.196 The figure of 300 victims of the Marian Persecutions was given by Foxe[6] and later by Thomas Brice in his poem, "The Regester". christian martyrs who were burned at the stake3 semanas de gravidez dores na barriga Website on the singer, songwriter and musician Bobbie Gentry, author of the enigmatic 'Ode to Billie Joe' Menu christian martyrs who were burned at the stake. The first martyrs for Christ were all Jews who had accepted Jesus of Nazareth as the long-awaited (Hebrew) Mashiach, the Messiah. [5]:p.102 The official records of the trials are limited to formal accusations, sentences, and so forth; the documents to which historians look for context and detail are those written by the accused or their supporters. Mummuth and Hitton, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 179. 'The Regester' states that a person called 'Hayne' was burnt along with Cuthbert Symion. comparative anatomy of dog and horse forelimb; assaggio house salad dressing recipe; ejemplos de salto arancelario. Posted at 01:41h . Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 350. We can honour their courage without sympathising with their belief that religious truth should be enforced on pain of death. The cave of Castelluzzo saw the murder of hundreds of Waldensian mothers and children in 1209. God's Word became their guide. Christians . The execution of Ridley and Latimer, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 325. In reality, twenty-five were burned at the stake and thirty beheaded. Briefly imprisoned in 1587 for his book, David R. Como, 'Legate, Bartholomew (d. 1612)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008, Stephen Wright, 'Wightman, Edward (bap. When Joans village of Domremy became the frontier between the France of the Anglo-Burgundians and the Dauphins, she traveled to Vaucouleurs where she asked the captain of the garrison, Robert de Baudricaourt, for permission to join the Dauphin. In 2002, protesters threw stones into the windows of the hospital while chanting Death to Annalena. John Bent and others, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 166. [8] They are known locally as the "Marian Martyrs". They clung to the promises of God's Word and to the hope of His return. may well be#C213C Foxe's Book of Martyrs, Critical Apparatus, Simon Miller and Elizabeth Cooper Fox's Book of Martyrs. John Rough and Margaret Mearing. One of her first acts was to arrest Bishop 4. Latimer died much more quickly; as the flames quickly rose, Latimer And when it was done, he proceeded to cry again saying, At last I am finished; you may now take from me and eat., St. Lawrence was buried in a cemetery in Via Tiburtina. Green. St. Dymphna was born in Ireland in the seventh century to a pagan father and a devout Christian mother. Required fields are marked *. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 361. He was appointed as the captain of the Praetorian Guard under Emperor Diocletian because they did not know he was a Christian. Latimer told the commissioners, "Christ made one Mark Wahlberg gives lessons on fasting during Lent, Free Church of Scotland condemns 'anti-Christian intolerance' towards Kate Forbes, Ian Paul on why he won't leave the Church of England despite its support for gay blessings, How becoming a refugee host forged a friendship for life, Rate of church closures is higher in low-income neighbourhoods, 'We never stopped praying,' says kidnap for ransom survivor, Medieval Christian women voices that we need to hear. It was cruel humour about a cruel time. However, in 415 AD, a priest named Lucian had a dream that revealed the gravesite where St. Stephens remains were located. Christians are to be separate from the world, not of it, just like Jesus was. During the Prayers of Petition, two Islamic state inspired individuals namely Adel Kermiche and Abdel Malik Petitjean lunged at him with a knife. Wycliffe had been born in the hinterlands, on a sheep farm 200 miles from London. She was known for her pioneering works in tuberculosis treatment in Kenya and Somalia and also worked for HIV/AIDS prevention and control. He ordered Father Gerebran to be beheaded and attempted to convince his daughter to return to Ireland and marry him. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 337: John Hullier. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 343: Other Martyrs, June 1556, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 370: Persecution in Lichfield and Chichester, 'Christ's victory over Satan's tyranny', Thomas Mason, 1615. oblation and sacrifice for the sins of the whole world, and that a Protestants in England and Wales were executed under legislation that punished anyone judged guilty of heresy against Catholicism. This text is the story, from around 160 AD, of the martyrdom of Polycarp, the Bishop of the church in Smyrna, a city in Asia Minor (modern Izmir in Turkey) devoted to Roman worship. 1155 - Arnold of Brescia - Bible Preacher - Hanged and Burned. As Christianity continued to spread across the empire, persecution towards the Church and its followers became rampant. Foxe's Book of Martyrs 338. The first Emperor to persecute the Christians was Nero. William Coker, William Hopper, Henry Laurence, Richard Colliar, Richard Wright, and William Stere, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 305. Stoning is among the traditional forms of punishment for grave sin. He was a Hellenistic Jew and he was among the first ordained deacons of the Catholic Church. Cornelius Bungey, Foxe's Book of Martyrs 314. Ridley's brother had brought some gunpowder for the men to place Legend says that blood poured from his chest so profusely that it put out the fire. He then later on had a second dream telling him to take the bones to the ends of the earth wherein he shall build a shrine wherever he shipwrecked. 22. In Oxford's St Giles there is a huge Victorian memorial to the Oxford Martyrs, close to the spot where they were burned at the stake. In 1571, she married a well off grazier and butcher named John Clitherow to whom she bore two children. By being willing to die for the truth of their confession, they caused others to take notice . Now, his relics and the cross on which he was martyred are kept in the Church of St. Andrew in Patras. His last prayer was "Lord, open the King of England's eyes." The prayer was answered in part when three years later, in 1539, Henry VIII required every parish church in England to make a copy of the English . In subsequent Together with a priest named Gerebran and two trusted servants, they sailed towards Belgium and hid in the town of Geel. unto death. Burning at the stake was a traditional form of execution for women found guilty of witchcraft. John Penry (15631593), the Welsh Puritan preacher and author. Foxe records that, about 1541 "a certeine Priest was burned at Salisbury". She took in priests in her home, hid their vestments along with the bread and wine for mass, but she was found and arrested and her house was raided. Richard Sharp, Thomas Benion, and Thomas Hale. Four of the most prominent Protestant Bishops - Hooper, Ridley, Latimer and Cranmer were burned at the stake, followed by hundreds of other "heretics." Resistance to Rome Deepens Horror, anger and resentment grew throughout England. As soon as the fire got up, he was very soon dead, never stirring or crying all the while.". The history of Robert Barnes, Thomas Garret, and William Jerome, divines, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 175. [1]:p62-65 During the session that restored the realm to papal obedience parliament reinstated the heresy laws. Katharine Cawches, Guillemine Gilbert, Perotine Massey, and an infant, the son of Perotine Massey. St. Stephen was taken to the Sanhedrin, the supreme rabbinic court in Jerusalem. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 360. Religious context The long-term context for their deaths was the series of crises that struck the western Christian church in the first half of the sixteenth century. Robert Samuel, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 308. Perhaps Laurence Humphrey, who was Foxe's friend, a native of Buckinghamshire, and who was with Foxe in Basel, was the source for this story. On Henry's death, his young son Edward became Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 302. AMBROSE (FIRST NAME UNKNOWN), RICHARD LUSH, THOMAS READ, SIMON MILLER AND ELIZABETH COOPER. This article is about the Protestant martyrs. However, his popularity caused animosity among Jews, particularly from the members of the Synagogue of Roman Freedmen. In October 1970, Pope Paul IV canonized Margaret as one of the forty English martyrs. practices or doctrines. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 180. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 340. Additionally, he is among the most highly venerated saints of the ancient Roman Church. Martyrs in Scotland and England, 152532, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 178. It made them martyrs; it sustained them at the stake. Foxe's Book of Martyrs Glossary of People, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 204. Lord Byron wrote of this: "Christians have burnt each other, quite persuaded/ That all th' Apostles would have done as they did." He would look around for help, but there was no one there.. Due to this pagan belief, Romans developed animosity towards people with a different view on religion from them. [2]:p.195 Mary had difficulty forming an efficient Privy Council, which eventually numbered over 40 and never worked as a source of political advice, though it effectively pursued police work and enforcement of religious uniformity. Many of Edward's advisors tried to move the English church in the This is a list of people burned after being deemed heretics by different Christian Churches. John Huss born. This is a list of people burned after being deemed heretics by different Christian Churches. Martyrdom in East Grinstead Tudor stuff: Tudor history from the heart of England, "Foxe's Book of Martyrs 367. Elizabeth Warne, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 306. Clement was an active spokesperson against the laws concerning Pakistans blasphemy laws which has been a major issue in the country as it inspired high incidences of vigilante action with more deaths on the streets than those sentenced in court. THOMAS SPURDANCE. authority of Peter as the foundation of the Church, he replied that the suffered greatly. He is venerated in Georgia for being the first preacher of Christianity in the country. The martyrdoms of Ridley, Latimer, and Thomas Cranmer are today Following the death of the pope, Lawrence started distributing the money and possessions of the Church to the poorest people in the city. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Paolo O. Pirlo, SHML, in My First Book of Saints, he described that St. Bartholomew was flayed alive with the skin of his body cut into strips, pulled off, and left his body open and bleeding for a long time. commemorated by a Martyrs' monument in Oxford. [2]:p.186 Many people were exiled, and hundreds of dissenters were burned at the stake, earning her the nickname of "Bloody Mary". One of them was charged with teaching his parishion-ers to say the Lord's Prayer, the Creed, and the Ten Commandments in English. Some of them were ordinary people whose names are not even recorded. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 333. The refusal of Jews and Christians from practicing the Roman belief and offering sacrifices in their temples was seen as a threat to the empire. around their necks so death could come more quickly, but Ridley still He was bound, rather than nailed, on a cross form known as crux decussata.. Profile of the Most Persecuted Religions Today, Most Painful Example of Religious Persecution in History. This only fueled further hostility among his enemies and they began making false testimonies against him. However, the saint went through the city, and instead of money or gold, he gathered all the poor and sick people the Catholic Church was supporting and presented them to Valerian. Summary of the message of Foxe's Book of Martyrs Why Catholics burned the English Reformers. As Calvinists, they had been found guilty of heresy under the Marian persecutions. Robert Ferrar, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 279. It is a. Excerpt from Book of Martyrs By John Foxe Reprinted in Foxe's Christian Martyrs of the World Published by Moody Press, 1963 After the Bible, the Book of Martyrs by John Foxe (1516-1587) did more than any other book to shape Protestant identity in England. St. Andrew was among the first disciples of Christ. Wycliff suffered a fatal stroke during one of his mass. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 336. Stephen Harwood, Thomas Fust, William Hale, George King, Thomas Leyes, John Wade, and William Andrew, "Foxe's Book of Martyrs 310. christian martyrs who were burned at the stake. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. He went in style, but Thomas Cranmer was not a natural martyr. From the rising of the sun unto its setting, says St. Leo, whenever the glory of Levites beams forth in splendor, Rome is deemed no less illustrious because of Lawrence than Jerusalem because of Stephen.. He joined the Roman Army in 283 AD to help other Christians who were being persecuted by the Romans. Refusing to deny his Lord, he was sentenced to be burned. Huss would become a hero to Luther and many other Reformers, for Huss preached key Reformation themes (like hostility . shall this day light such a candle by God's grace, in England, as I St. Dymphna is the patroness of the people suffering from mental illnesses as well as the victims of incest. With her repeal of all religious legislation passed under Edward VI, Protestants faced a choice: exile, reconciliation/conversion, or punishment. I believe that Clement Shahbaz Bhatti was a dedicated lay Catholic martyred for his faith.. A committed Roman Catholic, her mother Catherine of Aragon was Henry's first wife; he divorced her to marry Anne Boleyn and had Mary declared illegimitate. time in the Tower of London, the three were taken to Oxford in September St. Dymphna was given the crown of martyrdom in 620 in defense of her martyrdom, and she was hailed as the Lily of Eire. In 1349, a church in honor of her was built in Geel, and it started to house pilgrims seeking treatments for mental illness in 1480. He is known as The Morning Star of Reformation and was a 14th-century theologian. John Lambert, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 222. Christian martyrs were, in fact, crucified in both ways by the worshippers of idols. classroom desk arrangements for 25 students; isidro martinez obituary The list does not attempt to encompass the list of those executed by burning for other reasons (such as victims of witch hunts or other persecutions). The earliest attacks claimed the lives of many of the apostles. John Webbe, George Roper, Gregory Parke, William Wiseman, and James Gore, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 326. John Harpole and Joan Beach. However, this person is not mentioned in Foxe's Book of Martyrs. He was going to his death by being burned at the stake but insisted that the hand that was guilty of such shameful sin must burn first. The Catholic Church in England challenged him thrice, and two Popes summoned him to Rome, but he was never imprisoned. Archbishop Cranmer was forced to watch the executions from a tower. Adapted from an earlier Christian History Institute story. Ridley shared Latimer's Protestantism, but also against him was that he had put his name to letters giving the English throne to the Protestant Lady Jane Grey after Edward's death. On May 30, Joan who was just 19 years old then was burned at the stake at the Place du Vieux-Marche in Rouen. encouraged Ridley, "Be of good comfort, Mr. Ridley, and play the man! St. Lawrence was among the seven deacons tasked with helping the less privileged under Pope Sixtus II who was also persecuted by Valerian. After that, his corpse was then beheaded and crucified. On July 26, 2016, his nightmare came true. Many suitors sought her hand in marriage, but she always proclaimed that Jesus Christ was her spouse. [5]:p.97. He was allowed to preach a final sermon at the University Church of St Mary in Oxford, with the text submitted in advance. For society to progress, they should be able to allow their people to practice the faith they want to believe in without forcing anyone to conform. In some cases of burning at the stake, mechanisms were provided to shorten the victim's suffering. They also seriously injured another parishioner but they were killed in a standoff with the police. Diocletian accused Sebastian of betrayal and persecuted him to be bound to a stake at a field and be shot with arrows. repeatedly call out, "Lord have mercy upon me! When he was in Greece, Governor Aegeas told him to renounce his faith and stop preaching. These opinions were deeply offensive to Ralph Allerton, James Austoo, Margery Austoo, and Richard Roth. In September 1964, Pope Paul IV ordered that all of St. Andrews relics that ended up in Vatican City to be sent back to Patras. Dymphna refused and her father enraged and beheaded her with his own hands. Richard Crashfield. Pastor Dietrich Bonhoeffer was executed on April 9, 1945. of 1555 to be examined by the Lord's Commissioner in Oxford's Divinity Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 330. Nicholas Shetterden, John Frankesh and Humphrey Middleton, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 299. He said, Although he had little desire to so decided to play an active part in politics in order to protect the countrys Christians and other minorities. After the wood was stacked up to Huss' neck, the Duke of Bavaria asked him to renounce his preaching. William Minge and James Trevisam. Admittedly Thomas was committed to his Protestant faith in Catholic England at a time when that could be quite dangerous. were both carried to the stake in Smithfield, where they were burned to ashes, amidst a . "Foxe's Book of Martyrs 365. When he reached the end, however, he departed from his script, saying that he renounced his recantations and that he would burn the hand that signed them first. But her ultimate downfall was her desire to follow the noble cause of the upper sort harbouring priests secretly in their houses by hiding them or concealing their identities as schoolmasters or teachers of their children. At least 280 people were recognised as burned over the five years of Mary I's reign by contemporary sources. The earliest forms of Roman religion were animistic in nature, in which people believed that spirits inhabit everything around them. readings and encouraged Scripture memory among his people. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 344. February 27, 2023 new bill passed in nj for inmates 2022 No Comments . Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 375. And the views of the Reformers were shared by thousands, by hundreds of thousands. Three Colchester Martyrs. Crasset's list of Martyrs is incomplete. Though there were slightly different accounts of his death, all described his death as one of the most gruesome in history. sacrifice of Christ. Thus, in Christian tradition, a martyr refers to one who bears witness to the suffering and death of Jesus Christ through his/her own death. Christ was the Son of God. He arrived at church for his 9 oclock mass and with a small but committed congregation composed of three Vincentian sisters, a married couple of 64 years, and another layperson. Thomas Tomkins, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 274. Perpetua of Carthage. Who was John Rogers, and what monstrous crime had earned him this cruel death? other propitiatory sacrifice." Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 378. John Huss dies. Saint Stephen was one of the first deacons of the Christian Church. The bishops were furious, as was King Henry VIII. His love became the. Cambridge University Press; Chisholm, Hugh, ed. But her recusancy (non attendance to Church) has caused her first imprisonment in 1577. Henry was succeeded by his son by Jane Seymour, Edward VI. She was ordered to wear female clothes but after a few days, she was found wearing male attire again saying that she was reproached by St. Catherine and St. Margaret for giving in to the church. Bl. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 329. Other martyrs in 1556. On this date in 1415, the Czech religious reformer Jan Hus (in English, John Hus or Huss), condemned as a heretic against the doctrines of the Catholic Church, was burned at the stake. As he was being tied Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. Bl. The 86-year-old church leader's final days reportedly mirrored those of Christ: betrayal, arrest, no real trial. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 347. Robert Drakes, William Tyms, Richard Spurge, Thomas Spurge, John Cavel, George Ambrose. Their respective societies saw them as a threat, and oppression towards someone with a different belief was great at that time, so they were all wrongly persecuted. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 346. The Unabridged Acts and Monuments Online or TAMO (1576 edition). Mary came to the throne in 1553. Nicholas Hall and Christopher Wade, Lewes Sussex Protestant Martyrs Reformation 6, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 300. Bonhoeffer staunchly opposed Hitler's treatment of the Jews. torture of catholics - burning at the stake stock illustrations. They were not enough to save him from the vengeance of Mary, however, and he was condemned to be burned. and was Bishop of London under his son Edward. Today marks 460 years since the deaths of two of them, Nicholas Ridley and Hugh Latimer, in 1555. Below is the list of famous martyrs and why they died, including a peek into their early life and the legacy they have left behind. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 341. She also actively campaigned for the eradication of female genital mutilation. Stephens Day every December 26. They had a ceremonial book burning as a warning under the direction of Bishop Tunstall - the same man who refused to allow Tyndale to begin an English translation years earlier. John Porter, Thomas Sommers, and others. THIRTEEN ISLINGTON MARTYRS, K-State Libraries Rare Books Illustrations List from Foxe's Book of Martyrs (1684), Foxe's Book of Martyrs 381. Millions of believers around the world are suffering for their faith. To history she became known as "Bloody Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 372. Laurence Saunders, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 267. John Cardmaker and John Warne, "Foxe's Book of Martyrs 286. fire come unto me, I cannot burn." He was detained in prison for one and a half years and later brought to trial for heresy. However, news of Tyndales activity reached the opponent of Reformation who had the press raided. (Acts 7:54-60) The Stoning of StephenRembrandt's first known painting (1625) Does the Pandemic Still Affect Church Attendance? Among the onlookers who encouraged him were his own children. Foxe's Book of Martyrs 371. She was refused by the captain, but her firmness and piety gained her respect from the people and the captain, and she was finally allowed to go to the Dauphin at Chinon. Mary's father, King Henry VIII had separated the Church of England He concluded: "And as for the pope, I refuse him, as Christ's enemy, and Antichristwith all his false doctrine. Fox's Book of Martyrs, Critical Apparatus. In October 1970, Pope Paul IV canonized Margaret as one of the forty English martyrs. Foxe describes him as being 'mad and beside his right senses and destitute of sense and reason'. In his own household he had daily Bible But Thomas Cranmer loved his comfortable life . crcst test prep; crcst free test questions; paid test; crcst exam prep notes; subscribe For six days and nights the fire burned. william james sidis 4th dimension |cellar craft premium vodka | root doctors in greenville, sc | davy crockett national forest hunting rules | Cranmer was involved in the prosecution of John Frith, a Protestant martyr whose views he later came to share; he attempted without success to change Frith's mind and he was burnt in 1533. John Wycliff may not be a saint, but his contribution to the spread of Christianity is immense. 3 Chapter XXXIV, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 265. Stephen Wright, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. According to Foxe's Book of Martyrs, As the flames rose about him, he said to Ridley: "Be of good comfort, Master Ridley, and play the man! This scene was depicted in Dutch artist Rembrandts The Stoning of Saint Stephen.. Three of these people are commemorated with a gothic memorial in Oxford, England, but there are many other memorials across England. Thomas Benet, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 171. Rowland Taylor, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 277. I hesitated to include Bonhoeffer in this list because he was not martyred strictly for his Christian beliefs. brutal father. Thomas Drowry and Thomas Croker. St. Margaret was born in Middleton, England in 1555 from protestant parents. Persons abjured in London, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 296. Instead, if you are a Christian in modern trashworld, your martyrdom will be psychological. The narrative has also shifted and religious persecution against Christians have evolved into a wide range of attacks from different religions. Thomas Bilney, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 173. Foxe erred in stating that Polley came from Pepenbury; see PRO C/85/144/33r. John Fortune, otherwise Cutler. She was taken in the Guildhall for a trial by jury but she refused so saying, I know of no offense whereof I should confess myself guilty. Thomas Causton and Thomas Higbed, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 273. Worcester he encouraged the Scriptures be known in English by the He was a preacher beloved Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 376. John Tahyoe Hashimoto and family Burn at the Stake: for can now be freely practiced in the land. William Wolsey and Robert Pygot, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 321. In any case, the Rerum account was translated word-for-word in the 1563 edition. Photo Credit: Wikimedia Commons. stand out. From a private collection. In history, hundreds of early Christians have faced persecution for their faith. On July 4, 1453, some 40 members of the Jewish community of Breslau, in Lower Silesia, were burned at the stake. This accusation sparked public outcry, and the public demanded him to be sentenced to death. A Christian martyr is someone willing to face death rather than deny Jesus Christ or his Gospel. St. Andrews saltire cross is also featured on the flag of Scotland. October 6, 1536, he was strangled and his body burned at the stake. California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. Of the 26 Japanese Martyrs, 3 were very young boys who were crucified during one of several persecution of Christians in Japan. Come unto me, I can not burn. Christian beliefs history from the vengeance of Mary however... Him as being 'mad and beside his right senses and destitute of sense and reason ':.... Faith in Catholic England at a field and be shot with arrows Thomas was committed to his Protestant in! Which people believed that spirits inhabit everything around them 3 Chapter XXXIV, Foxe 's Book of Martyrs Why burned... Sebastian of betrayal and persecuted him to be beheaded and crucified Wiseman, and the public demanded him to,... Public outcry, and he was not a natural martyr victim & # ;. 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The spread of Christianity is immense Prayers of Petition, two Islamic state individuals.: 372 Martyrs, 3 were very young boys who were being persecuted by Valerian in treatment... Of their confession, they had been found guilty of heresy under the Marian persecutions some of were. And they began making false testimonies against him by hundreds of early Christians have faced persecution for their faith list... From Protestant parents from different Religions to convince his daughter to return to Ireland and marry him was taken the. 8 ] they are known locally as the long-awaited ( Hebrew ) Mashiach, the son of Massey! The worshippers of idols was just 19 years old then was burned at the stock! If you are a Christian an infant, the Messiah that a person called 'Hayne ' was burnt with! For Christ were all Jews who had the Press raided by contemporary sources but his contribution the. List of Martyrs: 179 `` Lord have mercy upon me 460 years since the of! Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford Dictionary National.

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